Commentary on the single convention on narcotic drugs of. Thirteen countries signed the first international drug control treaty in 1912. Limitation on production of opium for international trade. Single convention on narcotic drugs, 1961 with schedules. It seeks to limit the possession, use, trade, distribution, import, export, manufacture and production of drugs exclusively to medical and scientific purposes.
Single convention on narcotic drugs, 1961, as amended by. At the core of the resultant 1931 convention for limiting the manufacture and regulating the distribution of narcotic drugs was a proscriptive manufacturing limitation system. Conventions united nations office on drugs and crime. First, it seeks to limit the possession, use, trade in, distribution, import, export, manufacture and production of drugs exclusively to medical and scientific purposes. As of august 1, 1961 the last day for such action, this treaty was signed by 64 countries and as of the date of writing this article eleven states had become parties by ratification or accession.
This treaty, to which most governments are party, governs the cultivation, movement and availability of narcotic drugs for medical purposes in the world. The convention on illicit traffic in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances, 1988 which prescribe various forms of control aimed to achieve the dual objective of limiting the use of narcotics drugs and psychotropic substances for medical and scientific purposes as well as preventing the abuse of the same. This poses a question as to whether uganda is complying with its obligations under the single convention on narcotic drugs and if so, to what extent and if not, what factors are hindering its level of compliance. Single convention on narcotic drugs wikisource, the free. The governmental functions referred to in paragraph 2 shall be discharged by a single government agency if the constitution of the party concerned permits it. The single convention, adopted in 1961, consolidated those treaties and broadened their scope to include cannabis and drugs whose effects are similar to those of the drugs specified. In 1961, the united nations drew up a treaty known as the single convention on narc otic drugs cnd to curb drug trafficking and drug abuse. Other articles where single convention on narc otic drugs is discussed. Following the establishment of the single convention on narcotic drugs, a commentary was prepared providing detailed explanation of the various articles and provisions of the convention. Although the preamble of the single convention states that the treaty is intended to promote the health and welfare of mankind, it goes on to characterise drug addiction as a. The following two paragraphs are taken from the introductory note to the text of the single convention on narcotic drugs, 1961, as amended by the protocol amending the single convention.
The texts of the three main international drug control conventions. The year 2011 marks the 50th anniversary of the ratification of the single convention on narc otic drugs 1961. Memo for state parties to the 1961 single convention on narcotic drugs, as amended by the 1972 protocol, and of the 1971 convention on psychotropic substances. The single convention on narcotic drugs of 1961 is an international treaty to prohibit production and supply of specific drugs and of drugs with similar effects except under licence for specific purposes, such as medical treatment and research. Other articles where single convention on narcotic drugs is discussed. Fifty years of the 1961 single convention on narcotic drugs. Crisp news summaries and articles on current events about single convention on narcotic drugs of 1961 for ibps, banking, upsc, civil services. Latest current affairs in april, 2020 about single convention on narc otic drugs of 1961. The following two paragraphs are taken from the introductory note to the text of the single convention on narcotic d rugs, 1961, as amended by the protocol amending the single convention. Treaty series treaties and international agreements registered or filed and recorded with the secretariat of the united nations volume 520 recueil des traites. Although the preamble of the single convention states that the treaty is intended to.
Single convention on narcotic drugs united nations and. Single convention on narcotic drugs, 1961, as amended by the. Single convention on united nations office on drugs and. The convention on psychotropic substances of 1971 is a united nations treaty designed to control psychoactive drugs such as amphetamines, barbiturates, benzodiazepines, and psychedelics signed in vienna, austria on 21 february 1971. This convention aims to combat drug abuse by coordinated international action. United nations single convention on narcotic drugs, 1961. An examination of the single convention on narcotic drugs, 1961. May 09, 2019 latest current affairs in april, 2020 about single convention on narcotic drugs of 1961. The preamble to the protocol amending the single convention on narcotic drugs, 1961, reads as follows. Commentary on the convention on psychotropic substances. Cameroun, canada, cuba, dahomey, iraq, ivory coast, republic of korea, kuwait, morocco, syria, and thailand. The single convention on narcotic drugs of 1961 could not ban the many newly discovered psychotropics, since its. Apr 21, 2020 the single convention on narcotic drugs is the international treaty against illicit manufacture and trafficking of narcotic drugs that forms the bedrock of the global drug prohibition regime.
Fifty years of the 1961 single convention on narcotic. In a new attempt to obtain legal recognition for traditional uses, peru and bolivia negotiated paragraph 2 of article 14 into the 1988. The 1972 protocol amending the single convention on narcotic drugs was a protocol that made several changes to the single convention on narcotic drugs. The single convention on narcotic drugs of 1961 could not ban the many newly discovered psychotropics, since its scope was limited to drugs with cannabis, coca, and opiumlike effects.
This convention shall apply to the territory or territories named in such notification from the date of its receipt by the secretary 2 note by the secretariat. The commission on narcotic drugs and the world health organization were empowered to add, remove, and transfer drugs among the treatys four schedules of. Framing discussion within the context of regime theory, a critique of the foundational pre 1961 treaties is followed by detailed content analysis of the official records of the united nations conference for the adoption of a single convention on narc otic drugs and. The convention entered into force on november 11, 1990. As amended by the 1972 protocol amending the single convention on narcotic d rugs, 1961. The single convention limits exclusively to medical and scientific purposes the production, manufacture, export, import, distribution of, trade in, use and possession of drugs art. The united nations conference to consider amendments to the single convention o n narcotic drugs, 1961, met at the united nations office at geneva from 6 to 24 march 1972. An updated and adapted version of this paper was published as regime change. The united states is also a party to the 1961 single convention on narcotic drugs the 1961 convention. In 1961, the united nations drew up a treaty known as the single convention on narcotic drugs cnd to curb drug trafficking and drug abuse. Commentary on the 1972 protocol amending the single convention on narcotic drugs of 1961. As noted below, its major effects included updating the paris convention of july 1931 to include the vast number of synthetic opioids invented in. An important purpose of the 1961 single convention on narcotic drugs and the 1971 convention on psychotropic substances codify internationally applicable control measures in order to ensure the availability of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances for medical and scientific purposes, and to.
The 50th anniversary of the convention is an opportune moment to consider treaty reform. This memo addresses the expected changes in the scope of international control of medical cannabis and cannabinoids induced by the recommendations of the expert committee on drug. This annual publication provides technical information on the licit movement of the internationally controlled narcotic drugs. Revisiting the 1961 single convention on narc otic drugs, in the international journal of drug. The single convention on narc otic drugs of 1961 was adopted and opened for signature by the conference on 30 march 1961, and it came into force on december 1964.
Keywords control regime opium poppy narcotic drug international control system cannabis plant. International law and cannabis i edited by piet hein van. The relevant european law is also considered, particularly the socalled schengen acquis 1985 agreement and 1990. Proper citation depends on your preferred or required style manual. The single convention on narcotic d rugs, 1961, was opened for signature on march 30, 1961. The three major international drug control treaties are mutually supportive and complementary. The single convention on narcotic drugs of 1961 was adopted and opened for signature by the con ference on 30 march 1961, and it came into force on december 1964. Legislative reform of drug policies 1 this year marks the 50th anniversary of the united nations single convention on narc otic drugs, signed on 30 march 1961. Single convention on narcotic drugs is a former featured article.
The relevant 1961 convention establishes strict controls on the cultivation of opium poppy, coca bush, cannabis plant and their products, which, in the convention, are described as narcotic drugs although cocaine is a stimulant drug rather than one that induces sleep. Preparations in schedule iii are subject to the same measures of control as preparations containing drugs in schedule ii except that article 31, paragraphs 1b and 3 to 15, and, as regards their acquisition and retail distribution, article 34, paragraph b, need not apply, and that for the. Keywords control regime opium poppy provisional measure narcotic drug international control system. Revisiting the 1961 single convention on narcotic drugs, in the international journal of drug policy 23 2012 72 81, january 2012. The single convention on narcotic drugs of 1961 is an international treaty to prohibit production and supply of specific nominally narcotic drugs and of drugs with similar effects except under licence for specific purposes, such as medical treatment and research. The 63rd session of the commission on narcotic drugs is scheduled to take place from 2 to 6 march 2020. Jelsma international journal of drug policy 23 2012 7281 distribution.
Lifting the ban on coca chewing bolivias proposal to amend. The single convention on narcotic drugs implementation in. The single convention on narc otic drugs of 1961 is an international treaty to prohibit production and supply of specific drugs and of drugs with similar effects except under licence for specific purposes, such as medical treatment and research. Revisiting the 1961 single convention on narcotic drugs article pdf available. Jan 29, 2014 this convention shall apply to the territory or territories named in such notification from the date of its receipt by the secretary 2 note by the secretariat. The treaty makes narcotic drug production and possession illegal, and it details an enforcement system for that purpose. On february 21, 1971, a conference of plenipotentiaries in vienna signed a new convention worded to include almost any conceivable mindaltering substance.
Parties were required to provide estimates of national drug requirements to. United nations conference to consider amendments to the single convention on narc otic drugs, 1961 finalact 7 resolutions 11 single convention on narc otic drugs, 1961, as amended by the 1972 protocol amending the single convention on narc otic drugs, 1961. The following 97 states were represented by representatives at the conference. Single convention on narcotic drugs 1961 britannica. Article 2, paragraphs 4, 6 and 7, of the single convention shall be amended to read as follows. Protocol signed at paris on 19 november 1948 bringing under international control drugs outside the scope of the convention of july 1931 for limiting the manufacture and regulating the distribution of narcotic drugs, as amended by the protocol signed at lake success on 11 december 1946. Single convention on narcotic drugs united nations and the. The framework for the international control of narcotic drugs is established by the single convention on narcotic drugs in 1961. Protocol amending the single convention on narcotic drugs. The international drug control conventions single convention on narcotic drugs of 1961 as amended by the 1972 protocol convention on psychotropic substances of 1971 united nations convention against illicit traffic in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances of 1988 with final acts and resolutions united nations new york, 20.
The single convention on narc otic drugs of 1961 is an international treaty to prohibit production and supply of specific nominally narcotic drugs and of drugs with similar effects except under licence for specific purposes, such as medical treatment and research. The framework for the international control of narcotic drugs is established by the single convention on narc otic drugs in 1961. It provides additional legal mechanisms for enforcing the 1961 single convention on narcotic drugs and the 1971 convention on psychotropic substances. There are two forms of intervention and control that work together. It regulates the production, trade, and use of narcotic drugs, cocaine, and cannabis marijuana. Please see the links under article milestones below for its original nomination page for older articles, check the nomination archive and why it was removed this article appeared on wikipedia s main page as. United nations convention against illicit traffic in. This article applies both historical and international relations perspectives to revisit the development of the convention. Single convention on narcotic drugs of 1961 the single convention aims to combat drug abuse by coordinated international action. United nations convention against illicit traffic in narcotic. As noted below, its major effects included updating the paris convention of july 1931 to include the vast number of synthetic. Crisp news summaries and articles on current events about single convention on narc otic drugs of 1961 for ibps, banking, upsc, civil services. Framing discussion within the context of regime theory, a critique of the foundational pre 1961 treaties is followed by detailed content analysis of the official records of the united nations conference for the adoption of a single convention on narcotic drugs and. Single convention on narcotic drugs, 1961 senate consideration of treaty document 907.
This convention drew into one comprehensive control regime all the earlier agreements, limited the use of coca leaves and cannabis to medical and scientific needs, and paved the way for the. The single convention on narcotic drugs of 1961 was adopted and opened for signature by the conference on 30 march 1961, and it came into force on december 1964. Following the establishment of the single convention on narc otic drugs, a commentary was prepared providing detailed explanation of the various articles and provisions of the convention. Commentary on the single convention on narc otic drugs, 1961. Commentary on the single convention on narcotic drugs of 1961. The year 2011 marks the 50th anniversary of the ratification of the single convention on narcotic drugs 1961. There was no intention of acceding to the convention as amended by the protocol of 25 march 1972. An examination of the single convention on narcotic drugs.
The single convention on narcotic drugs of 1961 is the most comprehensive international drug control agreement ever signed. United nations single convention on narcotic drugs, signed on 30 march 1961. In acceding to the single convention on narcotic drugs of 30 march 1961, the german democratic republic started solely from the provisions on accession to this convention as set forth in its article 40. The united nations convention against illicit traffic in narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances of 1988 is one of three major drug control treaties currently in force. The 1988 convention against trafficking of narcotic drugs and psychotropic substances added further confusion on the issue of traditional use. The parties, concerned with the health and welfare of mankind, recognizing that the medical use of narcotic drugs continues to be indispensible for the relief of pain and suffering and that adequate provisions must be made to ensure the. In 2012 the international drug control system will exist 100 years since the international opium convention was signed in 1912 in the hague. Single convention on narcotic drugs, 1961 by pdea ro xi. The single convention aims to combat drug abuse by coordinated international action. Although the preamble of the single convention states that the treaty is intended to promote the health and welfare of mankind, it goes on to characterise drug addiction as a serious evil. The single convention on narcotic drugs of 1961 single convention requires signatories to prohibit recreational use of cannabis within their territories. In the nearly 60 years since then, global drug use and harm have increased2 despite better scientific understanding of what interventions are effective, as highlighted by a new lancet series on drug use.